The rum distilleries in Martinique play an essential role in the cultural and economic identity of the island. They offer visitors a unique experience, allowing them to discover the history, tradition, and craftsmanship behind Martinique rum. From historical distilleries with traditional production methods to modern facilities showcasing innovation, each distillery has its own story to tell.
Beyond rum production, these tourist sites contribute to local economic development and the prominence of Martinique as a sought-after destination. Whether one is a rum enthusiast or simply seeking cultural exploration, Martinique's rum distilleries offer an enriching experience imbued with authenticity and passion for this iconic Caribbean beverage.
The history of rum in Martinique dates back to the 17th century when the first sugar canes were introduced on the island during French colonization. Sugar production was essential and also generated molasses.
Around the mid-17th century, colonists began distilling this molasses to produce a cheap alcohol called "guildive." By the 18th century, the reputation of Martinique rum had crossed the island's borders and was exported to Europe. The rum industry thrived in the 19th century but also faced…
… periods of economic crises and political changes.
Today, Martinique rum benefits from an Appellation d’Origine Contrôlée, using primarily freshly squeezed sugar cane juice to produce agricultural rum, appreciated worldwide for its pure flavors and natural aromas. Rum remains an essential element of Martinique's cultural and economic identity.
Importance of rum distilleries in Martinique's tourism
Rum is a must when visiting Martinique. It's part of the island's history to which the people are strongly attached. Rum distilleries play a crucial role in Martinique's tourism by attracting visitors from around the world. These distilleries offer an authentic experience where tourists discover the history, culture, and traditions of rum production. Located in beautiful historical estates surrounded by sugar cane plantations, they offer guided tours that teach the traditional process of agricultural rum production and allow visitors to taste different varieties. The distilleries highlight the historical and cultural importance of this industry and offer cherished souvenirs through the purchase of authentic rum bottles. In addition to attracting tourists, these attractions support the local economy by creating jobs and promoting sustainable tourism. They contribute to preserving the tradition of Martinique rum and making it shine worldwide. In summary, rum distilleries are an essential asset to Martinique's tourism industry by offering an enriching cultural, historical, and gustatory experience while stimulating the island's economic development.
Rum production in Martinique: a diversity of flavors and unique aromas of Martinique rum
Martinique rum is particularly appreciated for its unique flavors, which regularly earn it awards worldwide. It is important to note that these are the only AOC (Appellation d’Origine Contrôlée) rums in the world.
Moreover, they are made from the pure juice of freshly squeezed sugar cane rather than molasses. This production method results in finer and more delicate rums, highlighting the authentic flavors of sugar cane.
Furthermore, the climatic conditions and volcanic soils of Martinique provide a terroir conducive to sugar cane cultivation, influencing the character and quality of the rum produced on the island.
Must-visit distilleries during your stay in Martinique
Saint-James Distillery: Immersion in history and tradition
Presentation of the distillery, its history, and heritage
The Saint James distillery is located in Martinique, renowned for producing high-quality agricultural rum. Founded in 1765, the Saint James distillery is one of the oldest rum distilleries in the world and plays an essential role in the history of Martinique rum.
It was the first distillery established in Martinique. Previously located on the slopes of Mount Pelée, it had to be rebuilt after the eruption of the volcano in 1902.
To avoid potential destruction, its owners decided to relocate it to the north Atlantic side of the island, in Sainte-Marie.
The distillery traded with people from all walks of life. To deliver its goods, it even used the Tombolo and the islet of Sainte-Marie where rails were installed to supply the boats that docked there.
Quickly becoming AOC Rum, Saint-James is an emblematic figure of the island.
A guided tour providing insight into artisanal production methods
At the Saint-James distillery, you'll find a wide range of rum, from white to aged, including Very Old, Extra Old, and even older varieties. You can also find organic rums, cocktail rums, tasting rums, exceptional rums, ready-to-serve cocktails, and exclusive blends.
During your visit, you'll have the opportunity to explore the distillery's facilities on guided tours. This allows you to witness the rum-making process, from cutting the sugar cane to bottling the finished product.
The highlight is a small train ride through the sugar cane fields. The "small train" is a steam locomotive dating back to the time when the harvest was entirely done by hand without machines and was used to transport the cane to the factory.
Tasting prestigious rums accompanied by explanations of tasting notes
Saint-James also houses the only Rum Museum on the island. The museum tells the story of rum and the distillery from its creation.
You'll see large vats, machinery dating back to the 17th century up to the present day, and at the end of your visit, you can taste different rums and cocktails made from these rums. Of course, it's also an opportunity for you to take home a souvenir from your visit as there's a small shop available.
Clément Foundation: A contemporary and innovative experience
Presentation of the distillery combining modernity and respect for traditions The Clément Foundation is a cultural institution located in Martinique. It was established in 1986 by the Clément family, owners of Habitation Clément, a former rum distillery founded in 1887. The Foundation bears the name of this family, which played a significant role in the history of Martinique rum and the island in general.
Habitation Clément, the Foundation's headquarters, is an iconic place where visitors can explore the history of agricultural rum and the Clément family. It's a space dedicated to culture, featuring art galleries, exhibition spaces, a library, and beautiful gardens.
The mission of the Clément Foundation is to promote and preserve the cultural heritage of Martinique, focusing on contemporary art, literature, music, dance, cinema, and various other forms of artistic expression. It is also dedicated to promoting local artists and fostering cultural exchange with international artists.
Exploring state-of-the-art facilities and innovative distillation processes
A visit to the Clément Foundation begins with a tour of different sites, such as the rum-making area and, recently, the sensory workshop.
This vast space of over 300 m2 invites you to explore the various facets of rum using your five senses.
Moreover, the Clément Foundation regularly organizes exhibitions of contemporary art, cultural events, conferences, concerts, workshops, and artist residencies. While strolling through its alleys and gardens, you'll have the opportunity to enjoy the events offered during that period.
Tasting unique and experimental rums, reflecting the distillery's creativity
The flagship rum of Habitation Clément is the "Canne bleue." This white rum, made from cane of the same name, exclusively cultivated on the estate, provides it with exceptional taste and aroma.
You can taste this and other productions of the estate in a dedicated bar space. Bartenders will be there to offer you various cocktail recipes based on your preferences.
Neisson Distillery: Authenticity at the heart of the visit
Discovering a family distillery passing down ancestral know-how
The Neisson distillery is a prestigious agricultural rum distillery located in Martinique, in the town of Carbet. Founded in 1931 by a passionate couple, Georges and Thérèse Neisson, it is currently managed by the Neisson family, perpetuating a family and artisanal heritage.
The quality of Neisson rum has been repeatedly recognized internationally, reinforcing its reputation as an excellent distillery. Neisson rums are appreciated for their complexity, aromatic richness, and artisanal character.
An immersive visit highlighting traditional production techniques
The Neisson distillery stands out for its traditional approach to agricultural rum production. It grows its sugar cane on its estate and uses only fresh cane juice for distillation, without employing molasses. This production method gives Neisson rum unique characteristics, emphasizing the natural aromas and authentic flavors of sugar cane.
Once there, you can visit the facilities and infrastructures they have. It's an opportunity for you to learn more about the ancestral know-how used in their rum production, their history, and to walk in a pleasant landscape.
Tasting artisanal rums with rich and complex flavors
The Neisson distillery offers a varied range of rums, from white to aged rums, including special blends and limited editions. Each rum is carefully crafted, aged in French or American oak barrels, and bottled at the distillery.
At the end of your visit, you'll be able to taste one of their rums from their collection, accompanied by experts who are always generous with advice.
The flagship product of the distillery is the 50° White Rum, ideal for your Sunday Ti' Punch aperitif.
Itineraries and circuits to discover rum distilleries
There's no better circuit to follow to discover all the Martinique distilleries.
It's important to know that each one has its characteristics and offers products with flavors strongly influenced by the climatic conditions experienced by the canes used, the variety of canes, and the barrels in which the preparation rests.
If I had to choose, I would start with the oldest distillery on the island, Saint-James in Sainte-Marie as the first stop. Then, I would head to Macouba located in the far north, at the JM distillery.
I would continue with HSE and La Mauny, located respectively in Gros-Morne and Rivière-Pilote, before passing by François at Habitation Clément.
Being in the south, I would continue with Trois-Rivières located in Sainte-Luce and head back towards Fort-de-France to discover the methods used by La Favorite distillery.
Finally, I would conclude my circuit with the Neisson distillery in the Caribbean north of the island, more precisely in Carbet.